Sanae Takaichi has been elected as Japan’s first-ever female prime minister after winning a majority in both houses of parliament on Tuesday. The 64-year-old secured 237 votes in the Lower House and 125 in the Upper House after emerging as leader of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).

Her appointment comes during a period of political instability, with Japan seeing four prime ministers in five years, and as the country struggles with rising living costs, public frustration, and economic uncertainty.

A staunch conservative and long-time ally of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Takaichi is often compared to Margaret Thatcher and is known for her strong nationalist stance. She has previously held multiple ministerial posts and has run for party leadership before.

Her path to power initially faced resistance after the LDP’s traditional coalition partner, Komeito, withdrew support. However, a last-minute agreement with the right-leaning Japan Innovation Party (Ishin) secured her position. National elections are expected in 2028.

Takaichi faces immediate diplomatic tests, including a scheduled meeting next week with U.S. President Donald Trump amid concerns over America’s demands for greater Japanese defense spending. Relations with China and South Korea may also prove sensitive due to her hawkish and nationalist positions.

Domestically, she must regain public trust after the LDP lost its majority in both parliamentary houses following a fundraising scandal. Inflation, a rice shortage, and soaring consumer prices have intensified public pressure for economic relief.

Takaichi now begins her tenure tasked with reviving both Japan’s economy and confidence in its leadership.